Former Brazil striker Jo used his arm to score the only goal of the game in a move that was missed by the referee and assistant, who was standing just yards from the incident.
Vasco protested at the CBF headquarters on Monday and authorities decided to expedite the introduction of the VAR system that was planned for later this year.
"Given the instances of recent errors that could have been avoided with the use of technology the president of the CBF Marco Polo Del Nero got his team together on Monday and determined that Video Referees should be introduced in the Serie A as soon as possible," a statement from the CBF said.
Officials told Reuters they hoped to have the system ready by next weekend.
The CBF have tested the VAR system in games but were not expecting a full roll out until the end of the season.
Corinthians extended their lead at the top of the Serie A table with Sunday's 1-0 win. The Sao Paulo club are 10 points ahead of second placed Gremio with 14 games remaining.
The A-League was the first domestic league to utilise the VAR technology, to varying degrees of success, but it has now been adopted by many of the major leagues around the world.
