The win moved Brisbane to within three points of the two leaders, Suwon Bluewings and Beijing, with one match remaining in the group.
To qualify, Roar must at least secure three points against Urawa Reds at home and hope the result in the other match goes its way.
While Brisbane needed victory in the Chinese capital to keep alive its chances of reaching the ACL knockout stage, but it was the home side which looked the more threatening early on.
Just before the quarter hour a find move Song Boxuan in the box and he let fly from close range. Roar goalkeeper Jamie Young managed to save the shot with his legs, before Boxuan struck the follow up just past the post.
Beijing continued to create the better chances in front of its passionate home support, yet it was unable to add the finishing touch in the first half.
But Brisbane stunned its host on 40 minutes. A superb first-time pass from Devante Clut put Kaluderovic through on goal with only the keeper to beat.
The Serbian kept his cool to and side-footed in to give Roar a 1-0 lead at halftime.
It was more of the same in the second half from Guoan as it tried desperately to hit back. A curling Boxuan free-kick on the hour forced Young into a difficult save.
Brisbane kept the host at bay for the remainder of the contest to secure a precious away win.
